Fermentation Group Lab

Fermentation Group Lab

Materials:

2-liter plastic soda bottle
Water
Brown Sugar
Blended Apple Flavorings
Yeast 

Procedure 

1. Clean and gather the equipment

2. In a pot, add ~1.75 liters of water, and all of the flavorings you plan to use. Bring the mixture up to a simmer, and let it bubble for 30 seconds. Turn off the heat and let the mixture cool.

3. In a separate bowl, dissolve 1.4 teaspoon of yeast into a small amount of warm water. When the yeast is dissolved, add it to the cooled soda base.

4. Pour the completed soda base into the 2-Liter bottle, and close the cap tightly. Let the bottle sit for 24 to 48 hours. The amount of time is variable, depending on the temperature of your kitchen, etc. At first, the carbon dioxide we be produced as a gas, and will increase the pressure in the bottle. Once enough pressure has been built up, newly produced carbon dioxide will begin to dissolve into the soda base.

This lab was an example of alcoholic fermentation, which produces ethanol. This is done by yeast; it can be found when it bubbled bubbles in soda. During alcoholic fermentation, the 2 pyruvate that comes from the glycolosis is converted into 2 acetaldehyde ( and gives off CO2), then uses 2 NADH to convert it into 2 ethanol

Single Cell Organism

Yeast

Yeast is a unicellular organism that is a fungus. Yeast can be found in beer. It only contains one cell and its function is to convert grains ultimately creating beer. Yeast is the most important ingredient to brew beer. The yeast brews the beer using fermentation. Yeast is a living organism, metabolizing, reproducing, and feeding off the ingredients in the beer. It converts sugar to alcohol and carbon dioxide in the fermentation stage. Yeast can also determines the flavor of the beer.



3 Chemistry Concepts

 3 Chemistry Concepts 

 1. Carbohydrates - A carbohydrate is a compound that provides nutrients to a cell of a living organism. They are organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. It is connected with photosynthesis because the photosynthetic process produces carbohydrates. Carbohydrates such as sugars contain the energy that photosynthesis converts it into. 

  

2. Nucleus - The nucleus is the center of a cell that is positively charged. It controls the cell's activities that acts like a brain. It is connected with photosynthesis because the process is controlled and monitored  by the nucleus. It is essential to photosynthesis because it distributes the instructions to perform the process properly. 

3. An atom is the smallest form of an element containing specific characteristics. It is related to photosynthesis because in the process carbon atoms and oxygen atoms are used. During photosynthesis, oxygen atoms are released;carbon atoms are required to produce food.

Molecule

Cocaine Molecule

 

A cocaine molecule consists of hydrogen (white), carbon (black), nitrogen (blue) and oxygen (red) atoms. It contains two rings and are connected by the different types of atoms. There 46 atoms altogether that create the molecule and 45 bonds that connects it. Cocaine molecules creates a white crystalline powder. This powder is constantly used as a drug.